diff --git a/web/App.vue b/web/App.vue
index 11c561f..e9492e1 100644
--- a/web/App.vue
+++ b/web/App.vue
@@ -139,16 +139,16 @@ const current = computed(() => NAV.find((n) => n.key === active.value))
     </nav>
 
     <main class="main">
-      <p v-if="!booted && refreshing" class="note">读取中</p>
+      <p v-if="!booted && refreshing" class="note">载入中</p>
 
       <div v-else-if="loadError" class="alert">
-        <h2>读不到配置</h2>
+        <h2>配置读取失败</h2>
         <p>{{ loadError }}</p>
       </div>
 
       <template v-else-if="snapshot">
         <div v-if="problems.length" class="alert">
-          <h2>{{ problems.length }} 处问题</h2>
+          <h2>配置存在 {{ problems.length }} 处错误</h2>
           <ul>
             <li v-for="(p, i) in problems" :key="i">
               <code>{{ p.path.join('.') }}</code> {{ p.message }}
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ const current = computed(() => NAV.find((n) => n.key === active.value))
 
         <div v-else class="note">
           <component :is="current?.icon" class="note-icon" />
-          <p>{{ current?.label }}还没做</p>
+          <p>{{ current?.label }} 尚未实现</p>
         </div>
       </template>
     </main>
diff --git a/web/api.ts b/web/api.ts
index 0ddc688..be87533 100644
--- a/web/api.ts
+++ b/web/api.ts
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ export class ApiError extends Error {
     readonly status: number,
     readonly payload: Record<string, unknown>,
   ) {
-    super(typeof payload.message === 'string' ? payload.message : `请求失败（${String(status)}）`)
+    super(typeof payload.message === 'string' ? payload.message : `请求失败（HTTP ${String(status)}）`)
     this.name = 'ApiError'
   }
 
diff --git a/web/components/OutboundCard.vue b/web/components/OutboundCard.vue
index 14f5964..43207c8 100644
--- a/web/components/OutboundCard.vue
+++ b/web/components/OutboundCard.vue
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ function delayClass(ms: number | null): string {
         type="button"
         :class="['delay', delayClass(delay)]"
         :disabled="testing"
-        :title="delay === null ? '测这条线路的延迟' : '重新测'"
+        :title="delay === null ? '测试延迟' : '重新测试'"
         @click="emit('test')"
       >
         <IconLoad v-if="testing" class="spin" />
diff --git a/web/views/InboundDetail.vue b/web/views/InboundDetail.vue
index c51d787..ea035c9 100644
--- a/web/views/InboundDetail.vue
+++ b/web/views/InboundDetail.vue
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ function isCurrentOutbound(mode: OutboundMode): boolean {
 }
 
 const BUILTINS: Array<{ mode: OutboundMode; label: string; sub: string }> = [
-  { mode: { kind: 'rules' }, label: 'RULE', sub: '走分流规则' },
-  { mode: { kind: 'direct' }, label: 'DIRECT', sub: '不经过代理' },
-  { mode: { kind: 'global' }, label: 'GLOBAL', sub: '跟随全局选择' },
+  { mode: { kind: 'rules' }, label: 'RULE', sub: '由规则决定' },
+  { mode: { kind: 'direct' }, label: 'DIRECT', sub: '直接连接' },
+  { mode: { kind: 'global' }, label: 'GLOBAL', sub: '跟随 GLOBAL 组' },
 ]
 
-const LINE_LOCKED = '订阅线路不能被入站直接引用，选中它需要自动建一个筛选组——这部分还没做'
-const NO_PROXY_FIELD = '这路入站没有 proxy 字段'
+const LINE_LOCKED = '订阅线路无法被入站直接引用，需要通过筛选组间接引入。该功能尚未实现。'
+const NO_PROXY_FIELD = '该入站没有 proxy 字段'
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ const NO_PROXY_FIELD = '这路入站没有 proxy 字段'
       </p>
 
       <template v-if="switchable">
-        <h4>{{ switchable.group }} 当前选中</h4>
+        <h4>{{ switchable.group }} 的当前选中</h4>
         <div class="grid">
           <OutboundCard
             v-for="m in switchable.members"
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ const NO_PROXY_FIELD = '这路入站没有 proxy 字段'
     <section class="block">
       <h3>出站</h3>
       <p v-if="locked" class="hint">
-        由 <code>{{ inbound.legacyKey }}</code> 声明，这种写法没有 proxy 字段，固定走 RULE
+        由 <code>{{ inbound.legacyKey }}</code> 声明。该写法没有 proxy 字段，出站固定为 RULE。
       </p>
 
       <div v-if="!locked" class="grid">
@@ -207,9 +207,9 @@ const NO_PROXY_FIELD = '这路入站没有 proxy 字段'
       <h4 :class="locked && 'is-dim'">订阅线路</h4>
       <p v-if="!kernelOnline" class="hint">
         <IconOffline />
-        内核未连接，看不到订阅里有哪些线路
+        内核未连接，无法获取订阅线路
       </p>
-      <p v-else-if="providerLines.length === 0" class="hint">订阅里没有线路</p>
+      <p v-else-if="providerLines.length === 0" class="hint">订阅中没有线路</p>
       <div v-else class="grid">
         <OutboundCard
           v-for="line in providerLines"
diff --git a/web/views/InboundForm.vue b/web/views/InboundForm.vue
index 6edf1af..61fda5f 100644
--- a/web/views/InboundForm.vue
+++ b/web/views/InboundForm.vue
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ function submit() {
 
       <div class="body">
         <label class="row">
-          <span class="k">名字</span>
+          <span class="k">名称</span>
           <span class="v">
             <input v-model="name" type="text" placeholder="容器A" autocomplete="off" />
-            <span v-if="nameTaken" class="bad">这个名字已经被占用了</span>
+            <span v-if="nameTaken" class="bad">名称已存在</span>
           </span>
         </label>
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ function submit() {
           <span class="k">端口</span>
           <span class="v">
             <input v-model="port" class="mono" type="text" placeholder="7778" autocomplete="off" />
-            <span v-if="portInvalid" class="bad">支持 7778、200,302、401-429 这几种写法</span>
+            <span v-if="portInvalid" class="bad">支持单个端口、逗号分隔的多个端口、连字符表示的区间</span>
           </span>
         </label>
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ function submit() {
           <span class="k">监听</span>
           <span class="v">
             <input v-model="listen" class="mono" type="text" placeholder="0.0.0.0" autocomplete="off" />
-            <span class="note">留空等于 0.0.0.0，本机之外也能连</span>
+            <span class="note">留空为 0.0.0.0，允许来自其它主机的连接</span>
           </span>
         </label>
 
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ function submit() {
           <span class="k">{{ f.key }}</span>
           <span class="v">
             <select v-if="f.enum" v-model="extras[f.key]">
-              <option value="" disabled>选一个</option>
+              <option value="" disabled>请选择</option>
               <option v-for="opt in f.enum" :key="String(opt)" :value="String(opt)">{{ opt }}</option>
             </select>
             <input v-else v-model="extras[f.key]" class="mono" type="text" autocomplete="off" />
diff --git a/web/views/RouterPage.vue b/web/views/RouterPage.vue
index fc03774..91b68f1 100644
--- a/web/views/RouterPage.vue
+++ b/web/views/RouterPage.vue
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ async function pickOutbound(mode: OutboundMode) {
   else entry.proxy = proxy
 
   try {
-    await commit(next, `${target.name} 的出站改成了 ${outboundLabel(mode).text}`)
+    await commit(next, `${target.name} 的出站已设为 ${outboundLabel(mode).text}`)
   } finally {
     pendingOutbound.value = null
   }
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ async function submitForm(entry: ConfigObject) {
   next.listeners = listeners
 
   formOpen.value = false
-  await commit(next, editingIndex === null ? `新增了 ${String(entry.name)}` : '改动已保存')
+  await commit(next, editingIndex === null ? `已新增 ${String(entry.name)}` : '已保存')
   if (editingIndex === null) selectedId.value = `listener:${String(listeners.length - 1)}`
 }
 
@@ -159,22 +159,47 @@ async function selectMember(group: string, member: string) {
     emit('changed')
   } catch (error) {
     const message = error instanceof ApiError ? String(error.payload.error ?? error.message) : String(error)
-    failure.value = { message, hint: '这一步只改内核的运行状态，配置文件没有被动过。' }
+    failure.value = { message, hint: '该操作仅修改内核运行状态，配置文件未被修改。' }
   }
 }
 
-/** 测一条线路的延迟。纯读操作，不影响任何配置，所以谁都不用禁用。 */
+/** 延迟测试用的超时，毫秒。也用在失败提示里，让「超时」这个词有具体含义。 */
+const TEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 5000
+
+/**
+ * 把内核的延迟测试结果翻译成一句说明原因的话。
+ *
+ * 内核的语义是精确的（hub/route/proxies.go:122-145）：
+ *   504 在给定超时内没有完成
+ *   503 连接建立失败，或者测得的延迟为 0
+ * 笼统说一句「测不通」会把这两种情况混在一起，而它们要查的地方不一样。
+ */
+function describeTestFailure(name: string, error: unknown): string {
+  if (!(error instanceof ApiError)) return `${name} 延迟测试失败：${String(error)}`
+
+  const seconds = String(TEST_TIMEOUT_MS / 1000)
+  if (error.status === 504) return `${name} 延迟测试超时，${seconds} 秒内没有取到测试地址`
+
+  const detail = String(error.payload.message ?? '')
+  const generic = detail === '' || detail === 'An error occurred in the delay test'
+  if (error.status === 503) {
+    return generic
+      ? `${name} 无法建立连接，线路可能已失效，或本机到该服务器的网络不通`
+      : `${name} 无法建立连接：${detail}`
+  }
+  return `${name} 延迟测试失败（HTTP ${String(error.status)}）${generic ? '' : `：${detail}`}`
+}
+
+/** 测一条线路的延迟。纯读操作，不影响任何配置，所以不禁用任何东西。 */
 async function testLine(name: string) {
   if (testing.value.includes(name)) return
   testing.value = [...testing.value, name]
   try {
-    await api.testLine(name)
+    await api.testLine(name, undefined, TEST_TIMEOUT_MS)
     emit('changed')
   } catch (error) {
-    // 测不通是关于线路的结论，不是 Patchbay 出了问题，不弹错误框
-    const raw =
-      error instanceof ApiError ? String(error.payload.message ?? error.message) : String(error)
-    done.value = raw.includes('timeout') ? `${name} 超时` : `${name} 测不通`
+    // 测不通是关于线路的结论，不是 Patchbay 出了故障，所以不用错误框
+    done.value = describeTestFailure(name, error)
   } finally {
     testing.value = testing.value.filter((n) => n !== name)
   }
@@ -183,7 +208,7 @@ async function testLine(name: string) {
 async function removeSelected() {
   const target = selected.value
   if (!target || target.listenerIndex === null || saving.value) return
-  if (!confirm(`删除入站「${target.name}」？端口 ${target.port} 会立刻停止监听。`)) return
+  if (!confirm(`删除入站「${target.name}」？端口 ${target.port} 将停止监听。`)) return
 
   const next = clone()
   const listeners = (next.listeners as ConfigObject[]).filter((_, i) => i !== target.listenerIndex)
@@ -192,7 +217,7 @@ async function removeSelected() {
   else next.listeners = listeners
 
   selectedId.value = null
-  await commit(next, `删除了 ${target.name}`)
+  await commit(next, `已删除 ${target.name}`)
 }
 </script>
 
@@ -266,7 +291,7 @@ async function removeSelected() {
       />
     </div>
 
-    <p v-if="inbounds.length === 0" class="empty">没有入站。mihomo 不会监听任何端口。</p>
+    <p v-if="inbounds.length === 0" class="empty">没有入站，内核不会监听任何端口。</p>
 
     <InboundForm
       :open="formOpen"
diff --git a/web/views/TokenGate.vue b/web/views/TokenGate.vue
index 844d78c..1a0d216 100644
--- a/web/views/TokenGate.vue
+++ b/web/views/TokenGate.vue
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const value = ref('')
   <div class="gate">
     <form class="box" @submit.prevent="emit('submit', value)">
       <h1>Patchbay</h1>
-      <p class="lead">输入访问令牌。</p>
+      <p class="lead">需要访问令牌。</p>
       <input
         v-model="value"
         class="field mono"
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const value = ref('')
       />
       <button class="go" type="submit" :disabled="!value.trim()">进入</button>
       <p class="where">
-        令牌在服务端配置文件旁边的 <code>.patchbay-token</code> 里，启动时也会打印在控制台上。
+        令牌位于服务端配置文件的同级目录 <code>.patchbay-token</code>，启动时也会输出到控制台。
       </p>
     </form>
   </div>